Charles' Law

The pressure of a gas varies directly with temperature when the volume is held constant, and the volume varies directly with temperature when the pressure is held constant.

Boyle's Law

The pressure of a gas expanding at constant temperature varies inversely to the volume.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no effect other than the removal of heat from a body at one temperature and the absorption of an equal quantity of heat by a body at a higher temperature.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only altered in form.

Tarn

A tarn is a lake formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier and is located at the top of a mountain. The most famous tarns are Upper Thornton Lake in North Cascades National Park and Andrews Tarn at the base of Andrews Glacier in Rocky Mountain National Park in the USA. "trbsk" pleso is the most famous tarn in Slovakia and Velk Hincovo pleso tarn, the deepest tarn in Slovakia, both located in High Tatras mountain.

Non-Newtonian Fluids

Fluids which does not obey Newton's law of viscosity

Newtonian Fluids

Fluids which obey Newton's law of viscosity

Viscosity

It is the property of a fluid which offers resistance to the movement of one layer of fluid over another adjacent layer

Mach's Number

It is defined as the square root of the ratio of the inertia force of a flowing fluid to the elastic force.

Weber's Number

It is defined as the square root of the ratio of the inertia force of a flowing fluid to the surface tension force

Euler's Number

It is defined as the square root of the ratio of the inertia force of a flowing fluid to the pressure force.

Froude's Number

It is defined as the square root of the ratio of inertia force of a flowing fluid to the gravity force.

Reynold's Number

It is the ratio of inertia force of a flowing fluid and the viscous force of the fluid.

Crossover (Boiler)

The interconnecting piping between any two heater coil sections.

Corrosion Rate

The reduction in the material thickness due to the chemical attack from the process fluid or flue gas or both, expressed in mils per year or millimeters per year.

Corrosion Allowance

The additional metal thickness added to allow for metal loss during the design life of the component.   It is the corrosion rate multiplied by the tube design life, expressed in inches or millimeters.

Corbel

A projection from the refractory surface generally used to prevent flue gas bypassing the convection section tubes.

Convection Section

The portion of the heater in which the heat is transferred to the tubes primarily by convection.

Chelate

An organic compound used in boiler water treatments which bonds with free metals in solution.  Chelates help prevent metals from depositing upon tube surfaces.

Ceramic Fiber

A fibrous refractory insulation composed primarily of silica and alumina (and sometimes zirconia) that can

comes in various forms like blanket, board, module, rigidized blanket, and vacuum-formed shapes.